Recent intelligence from the AlienVault OTX community has uncovered the "Dolphin X" stealer, a sophisticated infostealer and Remote Access Trojan (RAT) attributed to the threat actor Kontraktnik. This campaign represents a significant shift in infostealer capabilities, specifically targeting the software supply chain and developer environments. Unlike generic stealers, Dolphin X aggressively harvests credentials from over 300 applications, with a specific focus on high-value assets including SSH keys, .env configuration files, cloud tokens, and cryptocurrency wallets. A unique differentiator in this campaign is the integration of an "AI Profiler," which automatically scores victims based on their application portfolio to prioritize high-value targets for follow-on exploitation or data monetization.
Threat Actor / Malware Profile
Threat Actor: Kontraktnik Malware Family: Dolphin X (Stealer / RAT)
- Distribution Method: While initial vectors are often typical of stealers (phishing lures, cracked software), the specific targeting of DevOps tools suggests potential delivery via malicious npm packages or compromised developer utilities.
- Payload Behavior: Upon execution, Dolphin X performs extensive credential scraping. It targets browsers, password managers, and crypto wallets. Critically, it scans for source code artifacts, specifically SSH keys (
id_rsa,id_ed25519) and environment files (.env) containing cloud API keys. - C2 Communication: The malware communicates with command and control (C2) infrastructure over HTTP/HTTPS. Observed infrastructure includes
thedolphinx.topandbackend.thedolphinx.toputilizing port 8443. - Persistence & Exfiltration: The malware establishes persistence to ensure continuous data harvesting. Exfiltrated data is sent to the C2 server, where the "AI Profiler" analyzes the loot to determine the victim's value to the actor.
- MITRE ATT&CK: T1055 (Process Injection), T1056.001 (Keylogging), T1552.001 (Credentials in Files), T1071.001 (Web Protocols).
IOC Analysis
The provided IOCs offer clear opportunities for detection and blocking:
- Domains (
thedolphinx.top,backend.thedolphinx.top): These serve as the primary C2 infrastructure. SOC teams should immediately block these domains at the firewall and proxy level. DNS monitoring for queries to these domains is a high-fidelity detection mechanism. - File Hash (SHA256):
726e7fe23560fe03ea36163d5f510b494f41a78bf811c92ff219f64b4bfe2be0. This hash corresponds to the Dolphin X payload. EDR solutions should be configured to quarantine any file matching this hash. - URL (
http://backend.thedolphinx.top:8443): Indicates the specific callback endpoint. Network telemetry should be scrutinized for non-standard HTTP traffic (port 8443) to these hostnames.
Detection Engineering
Sigma Rules
title: Potential Dolphin X Stealer C2 Communication
id: 8a1b2c3d-4e5f-6a7b-8c9d-0e1f2a3b4c5d
description: Detects network connections to known Dolphin X C2 infrastructure domains used by Kontraktnik.
status: experimental
date: 2026/07/23
author: Security Arsenal
references:
- https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6example-pulse-id/
tags:
- attack.command_and_control
- attack.t1071.001
logsource:
category: network_connection
product: windows
detection:
selection:
DestinationHostname|contains:
- 'thedolphinx.top'
- 'backend.thedolphinx.top'
condition: selection
falsepositives:
- Unknown
level: critical
---
title: Suspicious Access to DevOps Secrets Files
id: 9d2e3f4a-5b6c-7d8e-9f0a-1b2c3d4e5f6a
description: Detects processes accessing sensitive DevOps files like .env or SSH keys, indicative of infostealer activity like Dolphin X.
status: experimental
date: 2026/07/23
author: Security Arsenal
references:
- https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6example-pulse-id/
tags:
- attack.credential_access
- attack.t1552.001
logsource:
category: file_access
product: windows
detection:
selection:
TargetFilename|contains:
- '.env'
- 'id_rsa'
- 'id_ed25519'
- 'aws/credentials'
filter_legit:
Image|contains:
- '\Program Files\'
- '\Windows\'
condition: selection and not filter_legit
falsepositives:
- Legitimate developer tools accessing config files
level: high
---
title: Dolphin X Payload Execution
id: 0e1f2a3b-4c5d-6e7f-8a9b-0c1d2e3f4a5b
description: Detects execution of the known Dolphin X stealer payload hash.
status: experimental
date: 2026/07/23
author: Security Arsenal
references:
- https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6example-pulse-id/
tags:
- attack.execution
- attack.t1204
logsource:
category: process_creation
product: windows
detection:
selection:
Hashes|contains: '726e7fe23560fe03ea36163d5f510b494f41a78bf811c92ff219f64b4bfe2be0'
condition: selection
falsepositives:
- None
level: critical
Microsoft Sentinel (KQL)
// Hunt for network connections to Dolphin X C2
DeviceNetworkEvents
| where RemoteUrl has "thedolphinx.top" or RemoteUrl has "backend.thedolphinx.top"
| project Timestamp, DeviceName, InitiatingProcessAccountName, RemoteUrl, RemotePort
// Hunt for the specific file hash on endpoints
DeviceFileEvents
| where SHA256 == "726e7fe23560fe03ea36163d5f510b494f41a78bf811c92ff219f64b4bfe2be0"
| project Timestamp, DeviceName, FileName, FolderPath, InitiatingProcessAccountName
IOC Hunt Script (PowerShell)
# Dolphin X IOC Hunter
# Checks for the presence of the malicious file hash and C2 domain connections
$MaliciousHash = "726e7fe23560fe03ea36163d5f510b494f41a78bf811c92ff219f64b4bfe2be0"
$C2Domain = "thedolphinx.top"
Write-Host "[+] Scanning for Dolphin X IOCs..." -ForegroundColor Cyan
# Check file system for the hash (Requires Get-FileHash)
Write-Host "[*] Scanning C:\ drive for malicious hash (This may take time)..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
$Matches = Get-ChildItem -Path C:\ -Recurse -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Where-Object { -not $_.PSIsContainer } |
ForEach-Object {
$hash = (Get-FileHash -Path $_.FullName -Algorithm SHA256 -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue).Hash
if ($hash -eq $MaliciousHash) { $_.FullName }
}
if ($Matches) {
Write-Host "[!] MALICIOUS FILE FOUND:" -ForegroundColor Red
$Matches | ForEach-Object { Write-Host " - $_" }
} else {
Write-Host "[-] No files matching hash found." -ForegroundColor Green
}
# Check DNS Cache for C2 domains
Write-Host "[*] Checking DNS Cache for $C2Domain..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
$DnsEntries = Get-DnsClientCache | Where-Object { $_.Entry -like "*$C2Domain*" }
if ($DnsEntries) {
Write-Host "[!] SUSPICIOUS DNS ENTRY FOUND:" -ForegroundColor Red
$DnsEntries | Format-Table Entry, Data, Type
} else {
Write-Host "[-] No DNS cache entries found." -ForegroundColor Green
}
Response Priorities
- Immediate: Block all traffic to
thedolphinx.topandbackend.thedolphinx.topon all perimeter firewalls and secure web gateways. Quarantine endpoints where the SHA256 hash726e7fe23560fe03ea36163d5f510b494f41a78bf811c92ff219f64b4bfe2be0is detected. - 24h: Initiate credential auditing for users with potential access to DevOps tools. If infection is confirmed, force a password reset and rotate all SSH keys and Cloud API tokens (AWS, Azure, GCP) accessed from the compromised machine.
- 1 week: Review and harden developer workstation configurations. Restrict the execution of unauthorized unsigned binaries and implement application allow-listing for tools that access source control and cloud infrastructure.
Related Resources
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